I enjoy reading the Shopaholic series of books by Sophie Kinsella. As a confirmed “under-buyer,” I am the exact opposite of compulsive shopper Becky Bloomwood Brandon, so I can chuckle at her antics as she shops her way through designer boutiques with her overextended credit cards and overdrafts. Eventually, the books end with our heroine landing back on her feet and all is well.
Shopaholics are everywhere in our pop culture; the subject of book and movie plots and jokes on late-night TV. We laugh when our co-workers return from their lunch breaks carrying several shopping bags. There are numerous shopping websites with “shopaholic” in their names, and (disturbingly) even free online shopaholic games for young girls.
Nevertheless, shopping beyond your means isn’t funny or cute. Most people who are self-proclaimed shopaholics can’t afford their purchases. Their go-to method of payments is usually their credit card, and their purchases can cost 18% or more in interest on balances that tend to be carried forward.
The stark reality is that most of us are not going to be bailed out by a tolerant, high earning husband, doting parents, or a financial windfall.
The call of consumerism
It’s never enough
Until you’ve got all the stuff
Shopping – Barenaked Ladies
Unfortunately, we live in a society that values buying the “first” and the “best” products, and encourages consumerism. Although advertisers most often target women with their promises of looking beautiful and rich, and to gain the love and admiration of others, men are not immune. Men are just as likely to buy clothing, luxury goods and electronics.
On TV commercials, Winners warns us not to let the great deal get away, showing a mournful shopper sighing, “I didn’t get it, and now it’s gone.” The best items will be snapped up, so you don’t want to miss out.
I cringe watching the ninnies rhapsodizing about Payless BOGO sales, while surrounded by umpteen pairs of shoes.
I watch a weekly “Tech Talk” segment on the morning news that unveils the latest in electronic gadgetry and accessories. “This is sooooo coooool!”, crows the techie expert (who is about 45 not 15).
We’ve all seen the ‘round-the-block lineups on Black Friday, Boxing Day and whenever Apple has a new product offering.
The desire to keep up an image of being independent, hip, attractive, and intelligent tempts people to overspend on social outings, clothing, shoes, nails, travel, cars, and more.
What’s behind this are thousands of marketing messages that coax us into spending and use social pressure to further the persuasion. Then add in the influential marketing campaigns of easy access credit – loans, credit cards and “do not pay until sometime way in the future” deals.
For a shopaholic, the thrill of buying the latest and greatest styles or technology gives him or her an adrenalin rush that eventually wears off – much like any addiction. They often bizarrely justify their purchases with the argument that they have jobs and can afford to shop, or the coveted item they just purchased was on sale, or they’re young and only live once.
What’s your shopping kryptonite?
Most compulsive shoppers fall into these categories:
- Image shoppers buy highly visible items, dress to the “nines,” and always pick up the tab.
- Bargain shoppers buy stuff they don’t need just because it’s such a good deal.
- Co-dependent shoppers buy for others to gain love and approval.
- Collectors have to have a complete set, or many sets, of objects, or different colours of the same style of clothing.
Red is not the new black
Shopaholics often overspend and put themselves at financial risk to make consumer purchases. They can amass obscenely high levels of consumer debt. Debt causes stress when it’s not managed carefully and eliminated quickly. It’s a ball and chain around your ankle.
When the thrill of the new computer, latest bag, or department-store sale wears off, the shopaholic is left with massive bills to pay and zero financial flexibility to pursue their dreams and live a better life.
Be ruthless
We’re only happy when we’re shopping
We’re only happy if we shop until we drop
In search of bargains we will never stop.
Shopping Song – Monty Python
What’s more important, sporting new Lululemon gear to the gym you rarely go to, or saving up a down payment so you can buy your own place?
To help prioritize your spending, adopt the following rule: if it’s not a planned purchase or you don’t need it, don’t buy it – no matter how good the sale is.
Overcoming a shopping addiction is not easy. But, you can kick it through practical measures:
- Avoid “window-shopping” at the mall.
- Plan other activities to do with your friends besides shopping.
- Resist the urge to surf your favourite online shopping sites.
- Take your name off promotional lists that come to your in-box. Hit that unsubscribe.
- Take advantage of free trial subscriptions so you can evaluate a service.
- If you are making a planned purchase, pare down to the acceptable minimum. Do you really need all the bells and whistles?
- Don’t be afraid to seek professional help if necessary. You may need counselling to help you understand the root cause – boredom, a need for attention, or repeating familial behaviours.
Final thoughts
Being an indebted shopaholic will hold you back from achieving your financial goals. Don’t be like Carrie Bradshaw from Sex and the City who bought so many pairs of $400 shoes that she couldn’t afford a down payment on her apartment.
It’s not a very effective position to be in when you can’t afford to pay off your credit card, or you have to live paycheque to paycheque and can never get ahead.
This scenario makes you very vulnerable.
Using a robo-advisor can be a great way to lower your investment costs, diversify your portfolio, and reduce the time you spend worrying about investing. But if you’re a DIY investor like me then you can lower your costs even further by building a portfolio of index funds or ETFs on your own.
Here are a few model portfolios to help get you started:
ETF solutions for your portfolio
A portfolio of three Vanguard ETFs was made popular when it was introduced by the Canadian Couch Potato blog. The chart below shows a balanced portfolio with 60% equities and 40% bonds.
Vanguard ETFs
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canada All Cap Index ETF | VCN | 0.06% | 4.38% | 20% |
Canadian Aggregate Bond Index ETF | VAB | 0.13% | 1.25% | 40% |
All-World ex Canada Index ETF | VXC | 0.27% | (6.07%) | 40% |
My own two-ETF solution is a variation of the Vanguard model portfolio, minus the bond fund.
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canada All Cap Index ETF | VCN | 0.06% | 4.38% | 25% |
All-World ex Canada Index ETF | VXC | 0.27% | (6.07%) | 75% |
Blackrock’s iShares offers another low cost, broadly diversified set of ETFs for investors to choose from. Here’s another three-ETF portfolio solution with a balanced allocation.
iShares ETFs
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
S&P/TSX Capped Composite Index ETF | XIC | 0.06% | 4.53% | 20% |
Canadian Universe Bond Index ETF | XBB | 0.33% | 1.31% | 40% |
All Country World ex Canada Index ETF | XAW | 0.21% | (5.95%) | 40% |
BMO has over 60 ETFs in its line-up and was the first big bank to launch its own robo-advisor platform – BMO SmartFolio. Here’s a model balanced portfolio using BMO ETFs:
BMO ETFs
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
S&P/TSX Capped Composite Index ETF | ZCN | 0.05% | 4.51% | 20% |
Aggregate Bond Index ETF | ZAG | 0.20% | 1.33% | 40% |
S&P 500 Index ETF | ZSP | 0.10% | (4.98%) | 20% |
MSCI EAFE Index ETF | ZEA | 0.20% | (8.93%) | 20% |
Index fund solutions from the big banks
Investors won’t find a cheaper portfolio of mutual funds than the one they can construct with TD’s popular e-Series index funds. I use this for my kids’ RESP fund, and the four funds are also part of the model portfolios from Canadian Couch Potato.
TD e-Series index funds
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canadian Index Fund – e | TDB900 | 0.33% | 4.44% | 20% |
Canadian Bond Index Fund – e | TDB909 | 0.50% | 1.24% | 40% |
U.S. Index Fund – e | TDB902 | 0.35% | (5.39%) | 20% |
International Index Fund – e | TDB911 | 0.51% | (9.26%) | 20% |
Let’s say you bank at Scotia and don’t want to go through the hassle of setting up a discount brokerage or switching banks. This set of index funds is still much cheaper than a basket of actively managed mutual funds sold by a front-line advisor.
Scotia index funds
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canadian Index | BNS381 | 1.00% | 4.29% | 20% |
Canadian Bond Index | BNS386 | 0.85% | 1.17% | 40% |
U.S. Index | BNS382 | 1.08% | (5.16%) | 20% |
International Index | BNS387 | 1.25% | (10.28%) | 20% |
Here are four RBC index funds – you have to look closely as they’re hidden among no fewer than 112 other RBC mutual funds.
RBC index funds
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canadian Index Fund | RBF556 | 0.72% | 4.33% | 20% |
Canadian Government Bond Index Fund | RBF563 | 0.67% | 0.95% | 40% |
U.S. Index Fund | RBF557 | 0.72% | (5.08%) | 20% |
International Index Currency Neutral | RBF559 | 0.71% | (6.91%) | 20% |
Finally, we have surprisingly broad list of index funds from CIBC. The bank offers a set of regular index funds as well as something called a premium class. For simplicity sake we list the regular index funds below:
CIBC index funds
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Canadian Index Fund | CIB300 | 1.14% | 4.23% | 20% |
Canadian Bond Index Fund | CIB503 | 1.16% | 1.09% | 40% |
U.S. Index Fund | CIB500 | 1.18% | (5.23%) | 20% |
International Index Fund | CIB510 | 1.23% | (9.00%) | 20% |
One-fund or balanced fund solutions
Tangerine’s balanced fund is a one-fund solution made popular with its inclusion as one of the Canadian Couch Potato model portfolios. It offers a mix of Canadian stocks and bonds, plus exposure to U.S. and International equities.
Tangerine balanced portfolio
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Tangerine Balanced Portfolio | INI220 | 1.07% | (1.85%) | 100% |
One of the good guys in Canadian investment management, Steadyhand offers simple, transparent, and low-fee funds. Their one-fund solution is called the founders fund, and it invests 2/3 in Canadian, U.S., and overseas equities, with the rest in bonds and cash.
Steadyhand founders fund
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Steadyhand Founders Fund | SIF125 | 1.34% | (0.50%) | 100% |
Mawer is one of the first names to come to mind when discussing actively managed funds that actually outperform the index. Its funds have a long track record of doing exactly that, and having some of the lowest expense ratios in the business certainly helps.
Mawer’s balanced fund invests in seven Mawer mutual funds to get its exposure to Canadian stocks and bonds, as well as U.S. and international equities.
Mawer balanced fund
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
Mawer Balanced Fund | MAW104 | 0.94% | (0.90%) | 100% |
Another surprise from CIBC adds this balanced index fund to the mix of one-fund portfolio solutions. The fund holds an interesting mix of cash, index funds, and individual stocks.
CIBC balanced index fund
Fund name | Symbol | MER | YTD return | Allocation |
CIBC Balanced Index Fund | CIB901 | 1.20% | 0.49% | 100% |
Final thoughts
Often our readers are looking for ideas to help design their investment portfolios. As you can see from the 11 model portfolios highlighted above, no one-size fits all.
In addition to your age, risk tolerance, size of portfolio, and time horizon, there are still a number of factors to consider before designing your personal investment portfolio.
That includes having the skill, desire, and temperament to manage your own portfolio instead of hiring a financial advisor or robo-advisor to build and manage one for you.
The best approach is to find a simple investing solution that works for you and stick with it for the long term.
Why 30 Year Olds Aren’t Screwed
Five years ago, financial
blowhardadvisor Kurt Rosentreter published a newsletter with the daunting title, “Canadian 30 Year Olds Are Screwed.”The author displayed the kind of “get off my lawn” finger wagging attitude all too common in generational wars; using ridiculous and patronizing claims like, “people spend more time on the Internet than their finances,” all while being baffled that high school students aren’t being taught the ins and outs of disability insurance.
Apparently 25-year-olds didn’t get the message back in 2011 because Rosentreter is trotting out the exact same newsletter today, which includes the same scary message about our doomed generation (and a neat piece on interest rates being a ‘ticking time-bomb’).
Then he added this scorching hot take:
Ugh. I can’t even.
I get it. The number of financial responsibilities facing this age group can seem overwhelming. Getting married, having kids, and raising a family is expensive enough. Now factor in building an emergency fund, paying down the mortgage, setting aside money for retirement, saving for your child’s education, and everything else that comes along with improving your finances. It’s a tall order – I’ve been there!
But let’s skip the scaremongering and over-generalizations and get to some common sense advice.
How do 30-somethings balance debt pay-down, saving, and investing with the everyday costs of supporting a family? Start by setting up a simple plan for each of these categories to ensure that you are on the right financial path.
Streamline Your Mortgage
Those at the tail end of Gen X and the beginning of Gen Y entered the housing market at the peak of the real estate boom with long amortization periods and little-to-no down payments.
Here are two quick fixes to help pay off your balance faster and save on interest.
The first is to switch your payments from monthly to bi-weekly. On a $300,000 mortgage at 5% interest amortized over 30 years, switching to bi-weekly payments costs just $133 more each month and saves thousands of dollars and more than five years off the life of the mortgage.
The second tip to help streamline your mortgage for the future is to switch to a variable interest rate, but maintain your payments at the fixed interest rate. Using this strategy while interest rates remain low will further reduce the principal on your mortgage while still giving you a cushion in case interest rates start to rise.
Utilize Your TFSA for Short Term Savings
A Tax Free Savings Account allows you to contribute up to $5,500 per year and withdraw from the account anytime without paying any taxes on your gains. For someone in their 30’s with many competing short term financial priorities, the TFSA is the perfect savings vehicle.
As a couple, make it a priority to contribute and fully fund at least one of your TFSA accounts each year. Create a list of short-term goals that need to be addressed in the next 1 – 3 years and use your TFSA stash to pay in cash.
Your list might include anything from buying a new car, to doing some minor renovations or repairs in the house, taking a family vacation or upgrading your furniture. You don’t want to go into debt for something you could have easily planned for a year or two in advance.
Contribute to an RESP
An RESP (Registered Education Savings Plan) is a great way to begin saving for your child’s education. The mistake many 30-somethings make is to try and maximize their RESP contributions before they get their own finances under control.
After your child is born, make sure you get the account open and take advantage of any initial grant money, but then simply contribute what you can afford in the beginning.
Use some of the money you receive from the Canada child tax benefit to start contributing to an RESP. Start with as little as $25 a month and increase the contributions as your budget allows.
Once you can comfortably afford it, bump your RESP contributions up to $2,500 per year. That will get you the maximum annual government grant (CESG) of $500.
Saving for Retirement
With so many competing financial priorities it’s easy to see why 30-somethings might put retirement savings on the back-burner. The good news is that you’ll have plenty of time to get your retirement on track once your short-to-medium term finances are in order.
Setting up an RRSP is simple and with low cost index funds like TD E-Series you can start contributing small frequent amounts to help build your retirement fund. Like with RESPs, start with what you can afford and then slowly increase the amount until you are contributing at least 10% of your income.
One thing to make sure you take full advantage of is an employer-matching savings program. Some employers match your RRSP contributions dollar-for dollar up to a certain percentage of your salary. Calculate that amount and make sure you can contribute at least that much in order to get the full match from your employer.
You can’t beat free money, or a 100% return on your investment.
Light at the End of the Tunnel
There are so many financial pressures facing 30-somethings today that it’s no wonder why the so-called experts question what the future holds for this generation.
Buying a home, maximizing every savings vehicle, and retiring by 50 is probably out of reach for most 30-somethings without making major sacrifices for the next few decades.
But that doesn’t mean 30-year-olds are screwed today.
The key to handling money in your 30s is striking the right balance – where every aspect of your finances can be set-up for small, continuous, measurable improvements.
If you can do this, while taking care of everything else that comes with raising a young family, you can help dispel the rumours of our doomed financial future. Heck, you might even have time to watch Dancing with the Stars 🙂